In Islam, animals hold a significant place, not only as part of the natural world but as beings that deserve respect, kindness, and protection. The kind and merciful relationship between animals and humans in Islam is rooted in the teachings of the Quran, Hadith (sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad, may peace and the blessing of Allah be upon him), and the practice of early Muslims, our Sahāba (may Allah be pleased with them). Islam emphasizes compassion, stewardship, and a deep connection with all living creatures, urging believers to treat animals with special respect.
How the connection get's lost
In many parts of the world, even including regions with significant Muslim populations, the issues surrounding modern factory farming often go unacknowledged. These methods subject animals to extreme suffering in the production of meat, milk, and eggs, raising serious ethical concerns and are a big issue for us Muslims.
Animals subjected to inhumane treatment and incorrect slaughtering practices do not meet the criteria for halal consumption, even if the animal is considered pure.
Another big topic is that dogs are regarded as impure in Islam, which lead to the development of legal rulings cautioning against extensive contact with them. Sadly, some people in Muslim communities have misinterpreted this perspective to justify the neglect or mistreatment of dogs, despite the Quran’s clear teaching that all animals are “communities like you.” This contradiction underscores the importance of compassion and care for all creatures. The jurists actually agreed that it is permitted to keep a dog for a purpose, like hunting or guarding property or other uses that are not contrary to the Shari`ah.
The Role of Animals in the Holy Quran
The Noble Quran, the holy word of Allah, exalted is he, speaks extensively about animals, highlighting their importance and the wisdom behind their existence. In several verses, animals are portrayed as signs of Allah’s creation, encouraging believers to reflect on the natural world.
- A Sign of Creation
The Quran refers to animals as signs of Allah’s creative power. In Surah An-Nahl (16:5), Allah says: “And He created the cattle for you as a source of warmth, food, and ˹many other˺ benefits.”
This verse demonstrates how animals serve humans, providing sustenance, clothing, and companionship. - Animals as Communities
Islam also emphasizes the social nature of animals. In Surah An-Nur (24:41), Allah states:
“Do you not see that Allah is glorified by all those in the heavens and the earth, even the birds as they soar? Each ˹instinctively˺ knows their manner of prayer and glorification. And Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all they do.”
This highlights the interconnectedness of all life forms, including animals, each of which praises Allah in its own unique way, reflecting the spiritual harmony in nature. - Respect for All Creatures
In Surah Al-An’am (6:38), Allah declares:
“All living beings roaming the earth and winged birds soaring in the sky are communities like yourselves. We have left nothing out of the Record. Then to their Lord they will be gathered all together.”
This verse reminds believers that animals are also part of a divine community and that they, too, have rights in the world created by Allah.
The Teachings of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ on Animal Welfare
Prophet Muhammad ﷺ set an exemplary standard in treating animals with kindness and compassion. His sayings and actions provide Muslims with guidance on how to interact with animals, ensuring that they are treated with dignity and respect. ﷺ
- Kindness to Animals
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ emphasized that kindness to animals is a virtue. In the story of a man who gave water to a thirsty dog, for which Allah forgave his sins, he ﷺ said:
“A reward is given in connection with every living creature (you show kindness to)”
This Hadith underscores the importance of being gentle and merciful towards all living beings, including animals. - The Story of the Woman and the Cat
One of the most well-known stories illustrating compassion towards animals is about a woman who was punished for mistreating a cat. Our beloved Prophet ﷺ condemned her actions, saying that she was punished because she locked the cat in a room without food or water until it died. - Prohibition of Animal Cruelty
Islam strictly forbids cruelty towards animals. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ instructed that animals be slaughtered humanely and with respect. In the case of sacrifices, the animal should be treated with care before and during slaughter. He also prohibited the use of animals for cruel entertainment, such as in fights or for unnecessary suffering.
Animal Rights in Islam
In Islam, animals have rights that must be respected by humans. These rights include:
- Right to Food and Water
Animals should never be deprived of food or water. Islam teaches that neglecting animals' basic needs is sinful. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ instructed his followers to ensure that animals are well-fed and have access to water, especially in times of travel or extreme weather. - Right to Rest and Comfort
Animals, especially work animals like camels, horses, and donkeys, should not be overburdened. The Prophet ﷺ forbade forcing animals to carry more than they could bear and advised that they be given proper rest. - Right to a Natural Life
Islam emphasizes that animals should live naturally and not be confined unnecessarily. They should be allowed to express their natural instincts, and their habitats should be protected.
The Islamic Perspective on Animal Sacrifice
Animal sacrifice, particularly during the festival of Eid al-Adha, is an important aspect of Islamic practice. It serves as a reminder of Ibrahim’s (peace be upon him) willingness to sacrifice his son in obedience to Allah’s command, which was later replaced by a ram. However, Islam stresses that the slaughter should be carried out with utmost care and respect. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ instructed that the animal be slaughtered with a sharp instrument to minimize pain, and the process should be swift to ensure a humane death.
Additionally, Islam encourages the distribution of meat to the poor and needy, ensuring that the sacrifice benefits the broader community and not just the individual performing it.
A Spiritual Bond with Animals
Islam's teachings about animals reflect a deep spiritual bond between humans and the natural world. From the Quranic verses that highlight the purpose of animals in the divine plan to the Hadiths that stress compassion and mercy, Islam encourages a respectful and ethical relationship with all creatures. We as Muslims are reminded that animals are not just resources to be used, but beings with intrinsic value, deserving of care and consideration.
By following the example of our Prophet ﷺ and the teachings of the Quran, we are called to promote kindness, prevent cruelty, and protect the welfare of animals. This profound respect for animals is not just a matter of ethical conduct but a reflection of the broader Islamic principle of stewardship over the Earth—a responsibility to preserve and care for all of Allah’s creations.
So what should I do?
Ensure that any meat or animal products you purchase come from companies certified to handle and slaughter animals in a halal manner.
If you have a dog, don't let anyone persuade you to abandon it or euthanize it in the name of Islam as this has absolutely nothing to do with the rulings of Islam.
When you keep any animals, always make sure you:
- Provide fresh water at all times.
- Offer specific foods suited to their natural preferences.
- Ensure safe and comfortable lodgings that shield them from harsh weather and predators.
- Protect them from aggressive behaviors within their group.
- Allow them to live in a way that enables them to move as necessary.
- Facilitate the coming together of males and females during mating seasons.
- Harvest pure animals whose flesh is halal for food only at a sustainable rate that ensures the replenishment of future generations.
- Avoid overburdening them beyond their natural capacities.
- Provide consistent care, especially during sickness or old age, without neglect at any stage of their lives.
- Acknowledge that they are creations of Allah the Almighty
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